All further reading for the management of midface injuries

Midfacial injuries – Biomechanics of the midface

Emergency treatment

Airway considerations

Examination of patients with midfacial injuries

$Diagnosis of nasal fractures - physical examination$

$Examination of patients with NOE fractures - radiographic findings$

retrobulbar hemorrhage

Adjunctive access procedures (orbitotomies) - exposure of lateral orbital wall via temporal/infratemporal fossa approach

choice of implants

Partial thickness eyelid laceration

$AO CMF Classification Midface (Level 1 and 2) – fracture location$

$Classification of nasal bone fractures - Disarticulation of upper lateral cartilage$

$Panfacial fractures (sequencing of repair)$

AO Davos Courses 2024

AO Davos Courses 2025

Connect with peers, learn from experts. Nov 30–Dec 12, 2025

New content online

AO Surgery Reference

Pediatric midface trauma module published