Recommended literature - midface

Aston SJ (2007) An anatomical comparison of transpalpebral, endoscopic, and coronal approaches to demonstrate exposure and extent of brow depressor muscle resection. Plast Reconstr Surg. 119(4):1377-1379.

Chen CT, Huang F, Tsay PK, et al (2007) Endoscopically assisted transconjunctival decompression of traumatic optic neuropathy. J Craniofac Surg. 8(1):19-26; discussion 27-8.

Chen CH, Wang TY, Tsay PK, et al (2008) A 162-case review of palatal fracture: management strategy from a 10-year experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 121(6):2065-73.

Cornelius CP, Altenmüller E, Ehrenfeld M (1996) The use of flash visual evoked potentials in the early diagnosis of suspected optic nerve lesions due to craniofacial trauma. J Craniomaxillofac Surg; 24(1):1-11.

Dolan R, Smith DK (2000) Superior cantholysis for zygomatic fracture repair. Arch Facial Plast Surg 2(3):181-186.

Ellis E III , Reddy L (2004) Status of the internal orbit after reduction of zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 62(3):275-283.

Evans BT, Webb AA (2007) Post-traumatic orbital reconstruction: anatomical landmarks and the concept of the deep orbit. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 45:183-189.

Gellrich NC (1999) Controversies and current status of therapy of optic nerve damage in craniofacial traumatology and surgery. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir; 3(4):176-94. Review. German.

Gellrich NC, Gellrich MM, Zerfowski M, et al (1997) Clinical and experimental study of traumatic optic nerve damage. Ophthalmologe; 94(11):807-14. German.

Gellrich NC, Kankam J, Maier W, et al (2006) Single and temporally displaced second nerve lesions in an animal model and their clinical significance. HNO; 54(10):761-7. German.

Gellrich NC, Schimming R, Zerfowski M (2002) Quantification of histological changes after calibrated crush of the intraorbital optic nerve in rats. Br J Ophthalmol; 86(2):233-7.

Gellrich NC, Schramm A, Rustemeyer J, et al (2002) Quantification of the neurodegenerative impact on the visual system following sudden retrobulbar expanding lesions - an experimental model. J Craniomaxillofac Surg; 30(4):230-6.

Gellrich NC, Zerfowski M, Eufinger H, et al (1998) Interdisciplinary diagnosis and therapy of traumatic optic nerve damage. Mund Kiefer Gesichtschir; 2 Suppl 1:S107-12. German.

Gross MD, Arbel G, Hershkovitz I (2001) Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the facial skeleton on simulated occlusal loading. J Oral Rehabil. 28(7):684-94.

Gruss JS (1985) Naso-ethmoid-orbital fractures: classification and role of primary bone grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg 75(3):303-317.

Gruss J, Bubak PJ, Egbert M (1992) Craniofacial fractures: an algorithm to optimize results. Clin Plast Surg 19:195-206.

Gruss JS, Mackinnon SE (1986) Complex maxillary fractures: role of buttress reconstruction and immediate bone grafts. Plast Reconstr Surg 78(1):9-22.

Gruss JS, Van Wyck L, Phillips JH et al (1990) The importance of the zygomatic arch in complex midfacial fracture repair and correction of post-traumatic orbito-zygomatic deformities. Plast Reconstr Surg 85(6):878-890.

Jaquiéry C, Aeppli P, Cornelius P, et al (2007) Reconstruction of orbital wall defects: critical review of 72 patients. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 36(3):193–199.

Knize DM (1995) A study of the supraorbital nerve. Plast Reconstr Surg 96(3):564-569.

Knize DM (2002) The superficial lateral canthal tendon: anatomic study and clinical application to lateral canthopexy. Plast Reconstr Surg 109(3):1149-1157. Discussion 1158-1163.

Koornneef L (1977) New insights in the human orbital connective tissue: results of a new anatomic approach. Arch Ophthalmol 95:1269.

Koornneef L (1979) Orbital septa: anatomy and function. Ophthalmology 86:876.

Klöcker N, Zerfowski M, Gellrich NC, et al (2001) Morphological and functional analysis of an incomplete CNS fiber tract lesion: graded crush of the rat optic nerve. J Neurosci Methods; 110(1-2):147-53.

Lohnstein PU, Schipper J, Berlis A, et al (2007) Posttraumatic amaurosis after complex frontobasal fracture. Differential diagnosis and therapy. HNO; 55(11):885-90. German.

Manson PN, Crawley WA, Yaremchuk MJ et al (1985) Midface fractures: advantages of immediate extended open reduction and bone grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg 76(1):1-10.

Manson PN, Hoopes JE, Su CT (1980) Structural pillars of the facial skeleton: An approach to management of Le Fort fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 66(1):54-62.

Markowitz BL, Manson PN, Sargent L, et al (1991) Management of the medial canthal tendon in nasoethmoid orbital fractures: the importance of the central fragment in classification and treatment. Plast Reconstr Surg. 87(5):843-53.

Metzger MC, Schön R, Schulze D, et al (2006) Individual preformed titanium meshes for orbital fractures. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod: 102(4):442-447.

Muzaffar AR, Mendelson BC, Adams WP Jr (2002) Surgical anatomy of the ligamentous attachments of the lower lid and lateral canthus. Plast Reconstr Surg 110(3):873-884. Discussion 897-911.

Mendelson BC, Muzaffar AR, Adams WP Jr (2002), Surgical anatomy of the midcheek and malar mounds. Plast Reconstr Surg 2002: 110(3): 885-896. Discussion 897-911.

Mendelson BC (2002) Surgery of the superficial musculoaponeurotic system: principles of release, vectors, and fixation. Plast Reconstr Surg: 109(2):824-825.

Moss CJ, Mendelson BC, Taylor GI (2000) Surgical anatomy of the ligamentous attachments in the temple and periorbital regions. Plast Reconstr Surg 105(4):1475-1490. Discussion 1491-1478.

Ogata H, Kaneko T, Nakajima T, Kubota J (2004) Strangulated trapdoor type orbital blow-out fractures in children. Fracture pattern and clinical outcome. Eur J Plast Surg 27:12-19.

Odom JV, Bach M, Barber C, et al (2004) Visual evoked potentials standard (2004). Doc Ophthalmol. 108(2):115-23.

Philipps JH, Gruss JS, Wells MD et al (1991) Periosteal suspension of the lower eyelid and cheek following subciliary exposure of facial fractures. Plast Reconstr Surg 88(1):145-148.

Posnick JC (1994) Management of facial fractures in children and adolescents. Ann Plast Surg 33(4):442-57.

Posnick J, Goldstein J, Clokie C (1992) Advantages of the postauricular coronal incision. Ann Plast Surg 29(2):114-116.

Rohner D, Tay A, Sew Meng C, et al (2002) The sphenozygomatic suture as a key site for osteosynthesis of the orbitozygomatic complex in panfacial fratures: a biomechanical study in human cadavers based on clinical practice. Plast Reconstr Surg 110(6):1463–1471: discussion 1472-1475.

Schipper J, Ridder GJ, Arapakis I, et al (2004) Neurophysiologic intraoperative monitoring to preserve cranial nerve function in base of skull surgery. HNO; 52(10):897-907. German.

Stanley RB, Sires BS, Funk GF et al (1998) Management of displaced lateral orbital wall fractures associated with visual and ocular motility disturbances. Plast Reconstr Surg 102(4):972-979.

Tessier P (1982) Inferior orbitotomy. A new approach to the orbital floor. Clin Plast Surg 9(4): 569-575.

Tessier P, Kawamoto H, Posnick J, et al (2005) Taking calvarial grafts, either split in situ or splitting of the parietal bone flap ex vivo--tools and techniques: V. A 9650-case experience in craniofacial and maxillofacial surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 116(5 Suppl):54S-71S; discussion 92S-94S.

Uemura T, Jinnai T, Yokoyama T et al (2001) C-shape extended transconjunctival approach for the exposure and osteotomy of traumatic orbitozygomaticomaxillary deformities. J Craniofac Surg 12(6):603-607.

Zide BM, McCarthy JG (1983) The medial canthus revisited - an anatomical basis for canthopexy. Ann Plast Surg 11(1):1-9.

Bron AJ, Tripathi RC, Tripathi BJ (1997) Wolff’s anatomy of the eye and orbit, 8th ed., Chapman and Hall.

Doxanas M (1984) Clinical orbital anatomy. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins.

Dutton J, Waldrop T (1994) Atlas of clinical and surgical orbital anatomy. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders.

Ellis E III, Zide MF (2006) Surgical approaches to the facial skeleton. 2nd ed. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

Hammer B (1995) Orbital Fractures. Diagnosis, Operative Treatment, Secondary. Corrections. Seattle Toronto Bern Göttingen: Hogrefe Huber Publishers.

Harnsberger HR, Osborn AG, Macdonald AJ, et al (2007) Diagnostic and surgical imaging anatomy. Brain, head and neck, spine. Amirsys Inc.

Janfaza P, Nadol JB, Galla RJ, et al (2001) Surgical anatomy of the head and neck. Lippincott Williams Wilkins.

Keen WW (1909) Surgery: Its principles and practice. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders.

Knize DM (2001) The forehead and temporal fossa, Anatomy and technique. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.

Larrabee WF Jr, Makielski KH (1993) Surgical anatomy of the face. New York: Raven Press.

Posnick JC (1992) The role of plate and screw fixation in the management of pediatric facial fractures. In Gruss JS, Manson PM, Yaremchuk MJ (eds): Rigid Fixation of the Craniomaxillofacial Skeleton, Stoneham, Mass, Butterworth 396-419.

Rootman J, Stewart B, Goldberg R (1995) Orbital surgery: a conceptual approach. Philadelphia, New York: Lippincott Raven.

Tiedemann K (1993) Anatomy of the head and neck - a multiplanar atlas for radiologists and surgeons. Weinheim, Basel, New York: VCH Verlagsgesellschaft.

Whitnall SE (1932) Anatomy of the human orbit. London, Oxford: University Press.

Zide BM, Jelks G (1985) Surgical anatomy of the orbit. New York: Raven Press.

Zide B (2006) Surgical anatomy around the orbit. The system of zones. Lippincott Williams and Wilkins.